The effects of organic fertilizers on soil are multifaceted, as they can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, thereby enhancing soil fertility and ecological functions. The following are its main functions:

1. Improve soil physical structure

Increasing aggregate structure: Humus in organic fertilizers can promote soil particle bonding into aggregates, enhance soil aeration and permeability, and reduce compaction.

Adjusting water vapor balance: Organic matter absorbs and retains water like a "sponge", alleviating drought and waterlogging problems.

Reduce soil erosion: The loose structure reduces rainwater erosion and protects the surface soil.

2. Improve soil chemical fertility

Provide comprehensive nutrients: Organic fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements, which are slowly released through microbial decomposition to avoid nutrient loss from fertilizers.

Enhance nutrient retention capacity: Substances such as humic acid increase soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and reduce nutrient loss.

Adjust pH: Buffer soil that is too acidic or too alkaline, creating an environment suitable for crop growth.

3. Activate soil biological activity

Promoting microbial reproduction: Organic matter is the "food" for microorganisms, increasing its quantity and activity, and accelerating nutrient cycling (such as nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization).

Inhibition of pathogenic bacteria: Beneficial microorganisms occupy ecological niches and reduce soil borne diseases (such as certain fungal diseases).

Attracting soil animals such as earthworms: Earthworm activity further improves soil structure and forms a virtuous cycle.

4. Environmental and ecological benefits

Reduce fertilizer dependence: Reduce the risk of eutrophication in water bodies caused by excessive fertilization.

Carbon sequestration and emission reduction: Organic matter stores carbon elements, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Degradation of pollutants: Microorganisms decompose pesticide residues and organic pollutants to remediate polluted soil.

5. Long term sustainability

Improving soil stress resistance: enhancing drought resistance, flood resistance, salt alkali resistance, and other abilities.

Delaying soil degradation: Long term application can reverse soil impoverishment caused by excessive tillage or fertilizer abuse.

Supporting ecological agriculture: reducing dependence on chemical inputs and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

Application suggestions

Reasonable application: It should be fully decomposed (avoiding burning roots or introducing pathogens), and the dosage should be adjusted according to crop needs and soil conditions.

Combination with chemical fertilizers: Organic fertilizers are used in combination with chemical fertilizers (such as the "organic+inorganic" mode), balancing quick acting and long-lasting nutrients.

Targeted improvement: Organic fertilizers can be used more frequently to improve water retention in sandy soil, while viscous soil can improve air permeability.

By long-term application of organic fertilizers, the soil can gradually recover its healthy state, becoming the foundation of sustainable agriculture while reducing negative impacts on the environment.